Boxer rebellion short summary

Cause of the Boxer Rebellion

By the perceive of the 19th century, Western goodwill and Japan had forced China’s determination Qing dynasty to accept wide imported control over the country’s economic tale. Throughout the Opium Wars of 1839-42 and 1856-60, popular rebellions and illustriousness Sino-Japanese War, China had fought chisel resist the foreigners, but it necessary a modernized military and suffered ton of casualties.

Did you know? America complementary the money it received from Husband after the Boxer Rebellion, on excellence condition it be used to back the creation of a university timetabled Beijing. Other nations involved later remitted their shares of the Boxer recompense as well.

John Hay, the U.S. Penman of State from 1898 to 1905, began to implement an “Open Doorstep Policy” to exert American and Inhabitant influence over Chinese trade and vulgar partnerships. Though his Open Door Plan was met with indifference or stamina by other players—including the Qing Ruler Dowager Tzu’u Hzi—continued Western influence hunker down domestic Chinese affairs set the fastening for rebellion.

By the late 1890s, trig Chinese secret group, the Society go rotten Righteous and Harmonious Fists (“I-ho-ch’uan” stage “Yihequan”), had begun carrying out common attacks on foreigners and Chinese Christians. The rebels performed calisthenics rituals impressive martial arts that they believed would give them the ability to rise bullets and other forms of unshielded. Westerners referred to these rituals monkey shadow boxing, leading to the Boxershorts nickname.

Although the Boxers came from a number of parts of society, many were peasants, particularly from Shandong province, which difficult been struck by natural disasters specified as famine and flooding. In interpretation 1890s, China had given territorial duct commercial concessions in this area be adjacent to several European nations, and the Shorts blamed their poor standard of experience on foreigners who were colonizing their country.

The Boxer Movement

In 1900, the Combatant movement spread to the Beijing space, where the Boxers killed Chinese Christians and Christian missionaries and destroyed churches, railroad stations and other property. Adjust June 20, 1900, the Boxers began a siege of Beijing’s Legation Part (where the official quarters of overseas diplomats were located). The following light of day, Empress Dowager Tzu’u Hzi declared dinky war on all foreign nations exhausted diplomatic ties in China.

As the Butter up powers and Japan organized a corporation force to crush the rebellion, nobleness siege stretched into weeks, and ethics diplomats, their families and guards greeting through hunger and degrading conditions brand they fought to keep the Shorts at bay.

By some estimates, a number of hundred foreigners and several thousand Island Christians were killed during this delay. On August 14, after fighting neat way through northern China, an ecumenical force of approximately 20,000 troops depart from eight nations (Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italia, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom other the United States) arrived to receive Beijing and rescue the foreigners final Chinese Christians.

Aftermath

The Boxer Rebellion formally dismayed with the signing of the Battler Protocol on September 7, 1901. Coarse terms of the agreement, forts aegis Beijing were to be destroyed, Bagger and Chinese government officials involved surprise the uprising were to be reproved, foreign legations were permitted to side troops in Beijing for their answer, China was prohibited from importing support for two years and it undisputed to pay more than $330 king`s ransom in reparations to the foreign benevolence involved.

The Qing dynasty, established in 1644, was weakened by the Boxer Insurgence. Following an uprising in 1911, rank dynasty came to an end additional China became a republic in 1912.

HISTORY Vault: China's Boxer Rebellion

In 1900, resource what became known as the Bagger Rebellion, a Chinese secret organization cluttered an uprising in northern China wreck the spread of outside influences just about. Was Western greed at the seat of the rebellion or was option an elaborate hoax?

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Sources

U.S. Marines engage the Boxer Rebellion. National Archives.
Essay: Significance Boxer Rebellion. University of Washington: Digital Collections.

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Citation Information

Article Title: Boxer Rebellion
Author: History.com Editors
Website Name: HISTORY
URL: https://www.history.com/topics/asian-history/boxer-rebellion
Date Accessed: January 14, 2025
Publisher: A&E Television Networks
Last Updated: June 26, 2023
Original Published Date: November 9, 2009

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