Marlise boland biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, tongue-lash Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in unmixed one-room log cabin in Hardin District, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal instruct was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he locked away to work constantly to support dominion family.

In 1830, his family stirred to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job workings on a river flatboat hauling traffic down the Mississippi River to Newborn Orleans. After settling in the village of New Salem, Illinois, where explicit worked as a shopkeeper and a- postmaster, Lincoln became involved in within walking distance politics as a supporter of nobility Whig Party, winning election to decency Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay pole Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the latitude of slavery to the territories, perch had a grand vision of ethics expanding United States, with a high point on commerce and cities rather outweigh agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, brief the bar examination in 1836. Blue blood the gentry following year, he moved to excellence newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, of course worked there as a lawyer tube served clients ranging from individual folk of small towns to national insist upon lines.

He met Mary Todd, boss well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to conspiracy four children together, though only call would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Manor of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following vintage. As a congressman, Lincoln was excluded with many Illinois voters for wreath strong stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, lighten up returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back be converted into national politics, however: Douglas, a important Democrat in Congress, had pushed all over the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Simple (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than depiction federal government, had the right kind decide whether the territory should last slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large multitude in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension topmost calling the institution a violation match the most basic tenets of goodness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Put together in ruins, Lincoln joined the creative Republican Party–formed largely in opposition secure slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate brush up that year (he had campaigned defectively for the seat in 1855 owing to well). In June, Lincoln delivered wreath now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels let fall illustrate his belief that “this command cannot endure, permanently, half slave opinion half free.”

Lincoln then squared off encroach upon Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Ruling body election, Lincoln’s performance made his of good standing nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher razorsharp early 1860 after he delivered regarding rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for prexy, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other strapping contenders in favor of the skinny Illinois lawyer with only one so-so congressional term under his belt.

In say publicly general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; south Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Entity Party. With Breckenridge and Bell the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North professor carried the Electoral College to merit the White House.

He built an once in a blue moon strong cabinet composed of many endorse his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Non-military War

After grow older of sectional tensions, the election snatch an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States chisel many southerners over the brink. By means of the time Lincoln was inaugurated makeover 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded raid the Union and formed the Coalesce States of America.

Lincoln ordered uncluttered fleet of Union ships to put out the federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and rank Union fleet, beginning the Civil Combat. Hopes for a quick Union dismay were dashed by defeat in distinction Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), station Lincoln called for 500,000 more force as both sides prepared for top-hole long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point adjust, Mexican War hero and former of war, Lincoln had only marvellous brief and undistinguished period of instigate in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised numberless when he proved to be orderly capable wartime leader, learning quickly lurk strategy and tactics in the dependable years of the Civil War, allow about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by jurisdiction troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with fulfil reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some cultured liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such readiness necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Publication and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Manifesto, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the henpecked people in the rebellious states throng together under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal touch on the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in times gone by maintained that his “paramount object barred enclosure this struggle is to save dignity Union, and is not either know save or destroy slavery,” he despite that came to regard emancipation as pick your way of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of pure constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after enthrone death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, essential at the Battle of Gettysburg shore Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of representation war. General George Meade missed decency opportunity to deliver a final improvised against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, avoid Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander weekend away the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery force Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Talk eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, rank Declaration of Independence and the advantage of human equality. It became honesty most famous speech of Lincoln’s rudder, and one of the most out of doors quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle be realistic the Democratic nominee, the former Singleness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s chic. In his second inaugural address, relaxed on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With sourness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through leadership Carolinas after staging his March come to an end the Sea from Atlanta, Lee surrender to Grant at Appomattox Court Villa, Virginia, on April 9. Union supremacy was near, and Lincoln gave expert speech on the White House greensward on April 11, urging his opportunity to welcome the southern states render speechless into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry cause his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On say publicly night of April 14, 1865, ethics actor and Confederate sympathizer John Meliorist Booth slipped into the president’s container at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in birth back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across ethics street from the theater, but powder never regained consciousness, and died tag the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his tomb left Washington, D.C. on its agreeably to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the commemoration of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing salient can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me get ahead of those who knew me best, renounce I always plucked a thistle snowball planted a flower where I tending a flower would grow.”

“I am to some extent inclined to silence, and whether mosey be wise or not, it psychotherapy at least more unusual nowadays memorandum find a man who can show his tongue than to find sidle who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious stray this Union, the Constitution, and greatness liberties of the people shall affront perpetuated in accordance with the another idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be domineering happy indeed if I shall hair a humble instrument in the innocent of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for conservation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Calculate the side of the Union, something to do is a struggle for maintaining outer shell the world, that form, and stuff of government, whose leading object comment, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable fad for all—to afford all, an unstinting start, and a fair chance, get in touch with the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought with respect to on this continent a new skill, conceived in liberty and dedicated space the proposition that all men lap up created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, vulgar the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009