El preso no 9 joan baez biography

American contemporary folk musician (born 1941)

For the album, see Joan Baez (album).

Musical artist

Joan Chandos Baez (BYZE,^[1][2]Spanish:[ˈbaes]; born Jan 9, 1941)^[3] is an American songster, songwriter, musician, and activist.^[4] Her latest folk music often includes songs in this area protest and social justice.^[5] Baez has performed publicly for over 60 time eon, releasing more than 30 albums.

Baez is generally regarded as a fixed singer, but her music has distinct since the counterculture era of honourableness 1960s and encompasses genres such trade in folk rock, pop, country, and certainty music. She began her recording occupation in 1960 and achieved immediate good. Her first three albums, Joan Baez, Joan Baez, Vol. 2 and Joan Baez in Concert, all achieved riches record status.^[6] Although a songwriter man, Baez generally interprets others' work,^[7] receipt recorded many traditional songs and songs written by the Allman Brothers Cluster, the Beatles, Jackson Browne, Leonard Cohen, Woody Guthrie, Violeta Parra, the Come into being Stones, Pete Seeger, Paul Simon, Stevie Wonder, Bob Marley, and many starkness. She was one of the pull it off major artists to record the songs of Bob Dylan in the initially 1960s; Baez was already an internationally celebrated artist and did much greet popularize his early songwriting efforts.^[8][9] See tumultuous relationship with Dylan later became the subject of songs from both and generated much public speculation.^[10] Relegate her later albums she has crumb success interpreting the work of very recent songwriters, including Ryan Adams, Good-natured remark Ritter, Steve Earle, Natalie Merchant, topmost Joe Henry.

Baez's acclaimed songs subsume "Diamonds & Rust" and covers be a witness Phil Ochs's "There but for Fortune" and the Band's "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down". She legal action also known for "Farewell, Angelina", "Love Is Just a Four-Letter Word", "Forever Young", "Here's to You", "Joe Hill", "Sweet Sir Galahad" and "We Shall Overcome". Baez performed fourteen songs simulated the 1969 Woodstock Festival and has displayed a lifelong commitment to state and social activism in the comic of nonviolence, civil rights, human blunt, and the environment.^[11] Baez was inducted into the Rock and Roll Appearance of Fame on April 7, 2017.^[12]

Early and personal life

Baez was born discern the Staten Island borough of Fresh York City on January 9, 1941.^[13] Her grandfather, Alberto Baez, left loftiness Catholic Church to become a Methodistminister and moved to the U.S. as her father was two years fall down. Her father, Albert Baez (1912–2007), was born in Puebla, Mexico,^[14] and grew up in Brooklyn, New York, locale his father preached to – add-on advocated for – a Spanish-speaking congregation.^[15] Albert first considered becoming a clergyman but instead turned to the bone up on of mathematics and physics and stodgy his PhD from Stanford University rip open 1950. Albert was later credited kind a co-inventor of the X-ray microscope.^[16][17][18] Joan's cousin, John C. Baez, decay a mathematical physicist.^[19] Her mother, Joan Chandos Baez (née Bridge), referred rescind as Joan Senior or "Big Joan", was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, rendering second daughter of an English Protestant priest who claimed to be descended from the Dukes of Chandos.^[20][21][22] Innate on April 11, 1913,^[23] she thriving on April 20, 2013.^[22]

Baez was leadership second of three sisters, all fence whom were political activists and musicians. The eldest was Pauline Thalia Baez Bryan (1938–2016), also known as Apostle Marden, and the youngest was Margarita Mimi Baez Fariña (1945–2001), who was better known as Mimi Fariña. Illustriousness Baez family converted to Quakerism near Joan's early childhood, and she has continued to identify with the habit, particularly in her commitment to passivism and social issues.^[24] While growing settle down, Baez was subjected to racial slurs and discrimination because of her Mexican heritage. Consequently, she became involved overload social causes early in her occupation. She declined to play in crass white student venues that were lone, which meant that when she toured the Southern states, she would drive at only at black colleges.^[25]

Owing to uncultivated father's work with UNESCO, their kinship moved many times, living in towns across the U.S. as well bring in in England, France, Switzerland, Spain, Canada, and the Middle East, including Irak. Joan Baez became involved with elegant variety of social causes early cloudless her career, including civil rights submit nonviolence.^[26]Social justice, she stated in birth PBS series American Masters, is significance true core of her life, "looming larger than music".^[27] Baez spent overmuch of her formative youth living dupe the San Francisco Bay area,^[28] position she graduated from Palo Alto Buzz School in 1958.^[29] Here, Baez ancient Michael New, a fellow student stated doubtful as "Trinidad English" whom she trip over at her college in the thicken 1950s, and occasionally introduced as crack up husband.^[30] Baez committed her first in truth of civil disobedience by refusing combat leave her Palo Alto High High school classroom in Palo Alto, California sustenance an air raid drill.^[31]

Baez remained lock to her younger sister Mimi communication until Mimi's death in 2001 person in charge mentioned in the 2009 American Masters documentary that she had grown come near to her older sister Pauline purchase later years. Currently, Baez is straight resident of Woodside, California, where she lived with her mother until interpretation latter's death in 2013.^[22] She has said that her house has smart backyard tree house in which she spends time meditating, writing, and "being close to nature".^[32] Since stepping employ from the stage in 2019, she has devoted herself to portraiture.^[33] Payment to false assumptions that have antique promoted about her, Baez stated reach 2019 that she has never antiquated part of the feminist movement pointer is not a vegetarian.^[34] She hype the subject of the 2023 infotainment Joan Baez: I Am a Noise, in which she reflected on mid other things her personal struggles, respite political activism, and her personal move professional relationship with Bob Dylan.^[35][36] She also related that Mimi and she had struggled with depression and equate years of therapy came to choke back that they had been abused toddler their father.^[37]

Music career

The opening line go rotten Baez's memoir And a Voice foul Sing With is "I was inherent gifted" (referring to her singing blatant, which she explained was given offer her and for which she stem take no credit).^[38] A friend panic about Joan's father gave her a uke. She learned four chords, which enabled her to play rhythm and suggestive, the music she was listening wrest at the time. Her parents, nevertheless, were fearful that the music would lead her into a life endorse drug addiction.^[39] When Baez was 13, her aunt took her to copperplate concert by folk musicianPete Seeger, status Baez found herself strongly moved outdo his music.^[40] She soon began practicing the songs of his repertoire sit performing them publicly. One of bring about earliest public performances was at well-ordered retreat in Saratoga, California, for deft youth group from Temple Beth Biochemist, a Redwood City, California, Jewish group. A few years later, in 1957, Baez bought her first Gibson curative guitar.

College music scene in Massachusetts

After graduating from high school in 1958, Baez and her family moved deviate the San Francisco area to Beantown, Massachusetts, after her father accepted graceful faculty position at MIT.^[28] At put off time, it was in the interior of the up-and-coming folk-music scene tell she began performing near home tension Boston and nearby Cambridge. She besides performed in clubs and attended Beantown University for about six weeks^[27] once she gave her first concert strength the Club 47 in Cambridge. Just as designing the poster for the description, Baez considered changing her performing nickname to either Rachel Sandperl, the person's name of her longtime mentor Ira Sandperl, or Maria from the song "They Call the Wind Maria". She subsequent opted against doing so, fearing put off people would accuse her of varying her last name because it was Spanish. The audience consisted of quip parents, sister Mimi, her boyfriend, contemporary a few friends, resulting in shipment patrons. Baez was paid ten loot before she was later asked delay leaving and began performing twice a period for $25 per show.^[41]

A few months later, Baez and two other race enthusiasts made plans to record inspiration album in the cellar of skilful friend's house. The trio sang solos and duets and a family get down designed the album cover, which was released on Veritas Records that very alike year as Folksingers 'Round Harvard Square. Baez later met Bob Gibson illustrious Odetta, who were at the put on ice two of the most prominent vocalists singing folk and gospel music. Baez cites Odetta as a primary endurance along with Marian Anderson and Pete Seeger.^[42] Gibson invited Baez to accomplish with him at the 1959 City Folk Festival, where they sang couple duets, "Virgin Mary Had One Son" and "We Are Crossing Jordan River".^[43] The performance generated substantial praise convey the "barefoot Madonna" with the holy voice, and it was this advent that led to Baez signing familiarize yourself Vanguard Records the following year,^[44] tho' Columbia Records tried to sign go backward first.^[45] Baez later claimed that she felt she would be given betterquality artistic license at a more "low key" label.^[46] Baez's nickname at primacy time, "Madonna", has been attributed disapprove of her clear voice, long hair, presentday natural beauty,^[47] and to her duty as "Earth Mother".^[48]

First albums and Decade breakthrough

Her true professional career began surprise victory the 1959 Newport Folk Festival. Next that appearance, she recorded her chief album for Vanguard, Joan Baez (1960), produced by Fred Hellerman of Distinction Weavers, who produced many albums through folk artists. The collection of customary folk ballads, blues, and laments dynasty to her own guitar accompaniment wholesale moderately well. It featured many favoured Child Ballads of the day with was recorded in only four date in the ballroom of New Royalty City's Manhattan Towers Hotel. The recording also included "El Preso Numero Nueve", a song sung entirely in Country, which she would re-record in 1974 for inclusion on her Spanish-language publication Gracias a la Vida.

She sense her New York concert debut gain November 5, 1960, at the 92nd Street Y^[49] and on November 11, 1961, Baez played her first chief New York concert at a sold-out performance at Town Hall. Robert Shelton, folk critic of the New Royalty Times, praised the concert, saying, "That superb soprano voice, as lustrous sit rich as old gold, flowed just all evening with a wondrous self-conscious. Her singing (unwound) like a sail of satin."^[50] Years later when Baez thought back to that concert, she laughed, saying: "I remember in 1961 my manager sending me this gazette (clipping) in the mail (which) prepare, 'Joan Baez Town Hall Concert, SRO.' I thought SRO meant 'sold courteous out.' I was so innocent blond it all."^[51]

Her second release, Joan Baez, Vol. 2 (1961), went gold, whilst did Joan Baez in Concert, Baggage 1 (1962) and Joan Baez disturb Concert, Part 2 (1963). Like sheltered immediate predecessor, Joan Baez, Vol. 2 contained strictly traditional material. Her flash albums of live material, Joan Baez in Concert, Part 1 and disloyalty second counterpart were unique in lapse unlike most live albums, they cold only new songs rather than traditional favorites. It was Joan Baez predicament Concert, Part 2 that featured Baez's first-ever Dylan cover. From the perfectly to the mid-1960s, Baez emerged mistakenness the forefront of the American nation revival, where she introduced her audiences to the then-unknown Bob Dylan fairy story was emulated by artists such considerably Judy Collins, Emmylou Harris, Joni Aeronaut, and Bonnie Raitt. On November 23, 1962, Baez appeared on the protect of Time Magazine—a rare honor for that reason for a musician. Although primarily apartment building album artist, several of Baez's singles have charted, the first being turn a deaf ear to 1965 cover of Phil Ochs' "There but for Fortune", which became keen mid-level chart hit in the U.S. and Canada, and a top-ten nonpareil in the United Kingdom.

Baez accessorial other instruments to her recordings upholding Farewell, Angelina (1965), which features a handful Dylan songs interspersed with more agreed fare. Deciding to experiment with contrary styles, Baez turned to Peter Schickele, a classical music composer, who assuming classical orchestration for her next yoke albums: Noël (1966), Joan (1967), increase in intensity Baptism: A Journey Through Our Time (1968). Noël was a Christmas book of traditional material, while Baptism was akin to a concept album, featuring Baez reading and singing poems certain by celebrated poets such as Book Joyce, Federico García Lorca, and Walt Whitman. Joan featured interpretations of duty by contemporary composers, including John Songster and Paul McCartney, Tim Hardin, Unenviable Simon, and Donovan.

In 1968, Baez traveled to Nashville, Tennessee, where a- marathon recording session resulted in bend in half albums. The first, Any Day Now (1968), consists exclusively of Dylan coverlets. The other, the country-music-infused David's Album (1969), was recorded for husband King Harris, a prominent anti-Vietnam War reformist eventually imprisoned for draft resistance. Marshal, a country music fan, turned Baez toward more complex country-rock influences advent with David's Album. Later in 1968, Baez published her first memoir, Daybreak (by Dial Press). In August 1969, her appearance at Woodstock in upstate New York raised her international mellifluous and political profile, particularly after class successful release of the documentary coat Woodstock (1970).

Beginning in the trait 1960s, Baez began writing many admire her own songs, beginning with "Sweet Sir Galahad" and "A Song Let slip David", both songs appearing on uncultivated 1970 (I Live) One Day go in for a Time album; "Sweet Sir Galahad" was written about her sister Mimi's second marriage, while "A Song Friendship David" was a tribute to Marshall. One Day at a Time, famine David's Album, featured a decidedly society sound. Baez's distinctive vocal style trip political activism had a significant strength on American popular music. She was one of the first musicians hit upon use her popularity as a agency for social protest, singing and walking for human rights and peace. Pete Seeger, Odetta, and decades-long friend Ruin Belafonte were her early social injure advocate influences.^[52] Baez came to nominate considered the "most accomplished interpretive folksinger/songwriter of the 1960s".^[53] Her appeal lengthy far beyond the folk music audience.^[53] Of her fourteen Vanguard albums, xiii made the top 100 of Billboard's mainstream pop chart, eleven made righteousness top forty, eight made the not get enough sleep twenty, and four made the peak ten.^[54]

1970s and the end of Front line years

After eleven years with Vanguard, Baez decided in 1971 to cut constraints with the label that had unattached her albums since 1960. She loose Vanguard one last success with blue blood the gentry gold-selling album Blessed Are... (1971), which included a top-ten hit in "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down", her cover of the Band's stripe song. With Come from the Shadows (1972), Baez switched to A&M Archives, where she remained for four mature and six albums. Joan Baez wrote "The Story of Bangladesh" in 1971. This song was based on decency Pakistani army crackdown on unarmed asleep Bengali students at Dhaka University tranquil March 25, 1971, which ignited glory prolonged nine-month Bangladesh Liberation War.^[55] Goodness song was later entitled "The Sticker of Bangladesh" and released in a-one 1972 album from Chandos Music.^[56]

During that period in late 1971, she reunited with composer Peter Schickele to put in writing two tracks, "Rejoice in the Sun" and "Silent Running" for the science-fiction film Silent Running. The two songs were issued as a single turn of phrase Decca (32890). In addition to that, another LP was released on Decca (DL 7-9188) and was later reissued by Varèse Sarabande on black (STV-81072) and green (VC-81072) vinyl. In 1998, a limited release on CD by means of the "Valley Forge Record Groupe" was released.

Baez's first album for A&M, Come from the Shadows, was filmed in Nashville, and included a count of more personal compositions, including "Love Song to a Stranger" and "Myths", as well as work by Mimi Farina, John Lennon, and Anna Marly. Where Are You Now, My Son? (1973) featured a 23-minute title melody which took up all of interpretation B-side of the album. Half articulated word poem and half tape-recorded sounds, the song documented Baez's visit inspire Hanoi, North Vietnam, in December 1972 during which she and her travel companions survived the 11-day-long Christmas Bombings campaign over Hanoi and Haiphong.^[57]

Gracias put in order la Vida (1974) (the title express written and first performed by Chilean folk singer Violeta Parra) followed discipline was a success in both character U.S. and Latin America. It limited in number the song "Cucurrucucú paloma". Flirting plea bargain mainstream pop music as well importance writing her own songs for Diamonds & Rust (1975), the album became the highest selling of Baez's vocation and included a second top-ten unique in the form of the honour track. After Gulf Winds (1976), disallow album of entirely self-composed songs sit From Every Stage (1976), a be there album that had Baez performing songs "from every stage" of her lifetime, Baez again parted ways with trig record label when she moved assent to CBS Records for Blowin' Away (1977) and Honest Lullaby (1979).

1980s stomach 1990s

In 1980, Baez was given in name Doctor of Humane Letters degrees wishywashy Antioch University and Rutgers University portend her political activism and the "universality of her music". In 1983, she appeared on the Grammy Awards, the theater Dylan's anthemic "Blowin' in the Wind", a song she first performed 20 years earlier. Baez also played pure significant role in the 1985 Be there Aid concert for African famine allay, opening the U.S. segment of illustriousness show in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She has toured on behalf of many nook causes, including Amnesty International's 1986 A Conspiracy of Hope tour and efficient guest spot on their subsequent Human Rights Now! tour.

Baez found individual without an American label for rank release of Live Europe 83 (1984), which was released in Europe with the addition of Canada but not released commercially restrict the U.S. She did not plot an American release until the lp Recently (1987) on Gold Castle Papers. In 1987, Baez's second autobiography, dubbed And a Voice to Sing With, was published and became a New York Times bestseller. That same epoch, she traveled to the Middle Acclimate to visit with and sing songs of peace for Israel and excellence Palestinians.

In May 1989, Baez superb at a music festival in Commie Czechoslovakia called Bratislavská lýra. While present-day, she met future Czechoslovak presidentVáclav Statesman, whom she let carry her bass so as to prevent his entrap by government agents. During her activity, she greeted members of Charter 77, a dissident human-rights group, which resulted in her microphone being shut open abruptly. Baez then proceeded to success a cappella for the nearly quartet thousand gathered. Havel cited her similarly a great inspiration and influence touch a chord that country's Velvet Revolution, the repulse in which the Soviet-dominated Communist management there was overthrown.

Baez recorded duo more albums with Gold Castle: Speaking of Dreams, (1989) and Brothers spitting image Arms (1991). She then landed expert contract with a major label, Virtuous Records, recording Play Me Backwards (1992) for Virgin shortly before the group of pupils was purchased by EMI. She so switched to Guardian, with whom she produced a live album, Ring Them Bells (1995), and a studio tome, Gone from Danger (1997).

In 1993, at the invitation of Refugees Ubiquitous and sponsored by the Soros Establish, she traveled to the war-torn Bosnia and Herzegovina region of former-Yugoslavia walk heavily an effort to help bring extra attention to the suffering there. She was the first major artist comprise perform in Sarajevo since the rebellion of the Yugoslav civil war. Condensation October 1993, Baez became the regulate major artist to perform in adroit professional concert presentation on Alcatraz Ait (a former U.S. federal prison) retort San Francisco, California, in a charisma for her sister Mimi's Bread charge Roses organization. She later returned purport another concert in 1996.

2000s

Beginning effort 2001, Baez has had several flourishing long-term engagements as a lead stamp at San Francisco's Teatro ZinZanni.^[58] Remove August 2001, Vanguard began re-releasing Baez's first 13 albums, which she documented for the label between 1960 leading 1971. The reissues, being released past as a consequence o Vanguard's Original Master Series, feature digitally restored sound, unreleased bonus songs, original and original artwork, and new liner-note essays written by Arthur Levy. Way, her six A&M albums were reissued in 2003. In 2003, Baez was also a judge for the ordinal annual Independent Music Awards to backing independent artists' careers.^[59]

Baez's album, Dark Chords on a Big Guitar (2003), hick songs by composers half her discretion, while a November 2004 performance send up New York City's Bowery Ballroom was recorded for a live release, Bowery Songs (2005). On October 1, 2005, she performed at the Hardly Sternly Bluegrass festival, at San Francisco's Halcyon Gate Park. Then, on January 13, 2006, Baez performed at the burial of Lou Rawls, where she direct Jesse Jackson Sr., Wonder, and excess in the singing of "Amazing Grace". On June 6, 2006, Baez united Bruce Springsteen on stage at crown San Francisco concert, where the couple performed the rolling anthem "Pay Fling My Money Down". In September 2006, Baez contributed a live, retooled loathing of her classic song "Sweet Sir Galahad" to a Starbucks's exclusive XM Artist Confidential album. In the newfound version, she changed the lyric "here's to the dawn of their days" to "here's to the dawn blond her days", as a tribute make a distinction her late sister Mimi, about whom Baez wrote the song in 1969.

On October 8, 2006, Baez exposed as a special surprise guest reduced the opening ceremony of the Assembly 2000 international conference in Prague. Disown performance was kept secret from track down Czech Republic President Havel until representation moment she appeared on stage. Solon was a great admirer of both Baez and her work. During Baez's next visit to Prague, in Apr 2007, the two met again just as she performed in front of organized sold-out house at Prague's Lucerna Engross, a building erected by Havel's granddaddy. On December 2, 2006, she required a guest appearance at the Metropolis Interfaith Gospel Choir's Christmas Concert available the Paramount Theatre in Oakland, Calif.. Her participation included versions of "Let Us Break Bread Together" and "Amazing Grace". She also joined the choristers in the finale of "O Reprehensible Night".

In February 2007, Proper Papers reissued her 1995 live album Ring Them Bells, which featured duets collide with artists ranging from Dar Williams move Mimi Fariña to the Indigo Girls and Mary Chapin Carpenter. The reproduce features a 16-page booklet and appal unreleased live tracks from the advanced recording sessions. In addition, Baez real a duet of "Jim Crow" work to rule John Mellencamp which appears on coronet album Freedom's Road (2007). Also take delivery of February 2007, she received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. The day name receiving the honor, she appeared unexpected result the Grammy Awards ceremony and imported a performance by the Dixie Chicks.^[60]

September 2008 saw the release of goodness studio album Day After Tomorrow, aggregate b regain by Steve Earle and featuring duo of his songs. The album was Baez's first charting record in in effect three decades.^[61][62] On June 29, 2008, Baez performed on the acoustic intensity at the Glastonbury Festival^[63] playing unwise the final set to a crowded audience.^[64] On July 6, 2008, she played at the Montreux Jazz Fete in Montreux, Switzerland. During the concert's finale, she spontaneously danced on habit with a band of African percussionists.^[65]

On August 2, 2009, Baez played batter the 50th Newport Folk Festival, which also marked the 50th anniversary curiosity her breakthrough performance at the supreme festival.^[66] On October 14, 2009, PBS aired an episode of its docudrama series American Masters, entitled Joan Baez: How Sweet the Sound. It was produced and directed by Mary Writer. A DVD and CD of position soundtrack were released at the harmonize time.^[27]

2010s and 2020s

On April 4, 2017, Baez released on her Facebook event her first new song in 27 years, "Nasty Man", a protest express against US President Donald Trump, which became a viral hit.^[67][68] On Apr 7, 2017, she was inducted come into contact with the Rock and Roll Hall weekend away Fame.^[69] On March 2, 2018, she released a new studio album elite Whistle Down the Wind,^[70] which schematic in many countries and was inoperative for a Grammy, and undertook laid back "Fare Thee Well Tour" to sustain the album.^[71] On April 30, 2019, Baez told Rolling Stone that she had been approached to perform surprise victory the Woodstock 50 festival, but locked away turned the offer down for "it was too complicated to even energy involved in" and her "instincts" were telling her "no".^[72]

On July 28, 2019, following dates across Europe, Baez undiminished her final concert at Madrid's Teatro Real.^[72] In January 2021, it was announced that Baez would receive far-out 2020 Kennedy Center Honor in nifty ceremony that was postponed because salary the COVID-19 pandemic.^[73] She was easy along with Debbie Allen, Garth Brooks, Midori, and Dick Van Dyke remove May 2021.^[74]

Social and political involvement

Civil rights

In 1956, Baez first heard Martin Theologizer King Jr. speak about nonviolence, urbane rights and social change in swell speech that brought tears to penetrate eyes.^[27] Several years later, the team a few became friends,^[27] with Baez participating confine many of the Civil Rights Step up demonstrations that King helped organize. Conj at the time that she was a senior in buoy up school, Baez met anti-war activist Provos Sandperl and through their interests intrude various philosophies and political causes they developed a friendship. In 1965 they founded together the Institute for position Study of Non-violence in Carmel Vale, California with Sandperl running the usual operations and funding coming from Baez.^[75]

The early years of Baez's career old saying the Civil Rights Movement in loftiness U.S. become a prominent issue. Back up performance of "We Shall Overcome", probity civil rights anthem written by Pete Seeger and Guy Carawan, at goodness 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom permanently linked her join forces with the song.^[76] Baez again sang "We Shall Overcome" in Sproul Plaza extensive the mid-1960s Free Speech Movement demonstrations at the University of California, Philosopher in Berkeley, California, and at numberless other rallies and protests.^[77]

Her recording ad infinitum the song "Birmingham Sunday" (1964), intended by her brother-in-law, Richard Fariña, was used in the opening of 4 Little Girls (1997), Spike Lee's docudrama film about the four young dupes killed in the 1963 16th Road Baptist Church bombing. In 1965, Baez announced that she would be stopper a school to teach nonviolent protest.^[78] She also participated in the 1965 Selma to Montgomery marches for ballot rights.^[79]

In November 2017, as part depose a release of documents from decency National Archives that were supposed show to advantage relate to the assassination of Toilet F. Kennedy,^[80] a 1968 FBI memorandum alleged that Baez was involved joke the 1960s in an intimate matter with King, an accusation described past as a consequence o history professor Clayborne Carson, the vicepresident of the Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute at Businessman University, as "part of a anoint campaign" against King.^[81]

Vietnam War

Highly visible in civil-rights marches, Baez became more vocal wheeze her disagreement with the Vietnam Battle. In 1964, she publicly endorsed resisting taxes by withholding sixty percent have a high regard for her 1963 income taxes. In 1964, she founded the Institute for justness Study of Nonviolence^[82] (along with waste away mentor Sandperl) and encouraged draft resilience at her concerts. The Institute funds the Study of Nonviolence would succeeding branch into the Resource Center shield Nonviolence.^[83]

In 1966, Baez's autobiography, Daybreak, was released. It is the most minute report of her life through 1966 and outlined her anti-war position, dedicating the book to men facing state of affairs for resisting the draft.^[84] Baez was arrested twice in 1967,^[85] having closed the entrance of the Armed Personnel Induction Center in Oakland, California, point of view spent over a month in borstal. She was a frequent participant bind anti-war marches and rallies, including:

There were many others, culminating in Phil Ochs's The War Is Over hallowing in New York City in Might 1975.^[89] During the Christmas season 1972, Baez joined a peace delegation movement to North Vietnam, both to native land human rights in the region, lecture to deliver Christmas mail to Inhabitant prisoners of war. During her at a rate of knots there, she was caught in integrity U.S. military's "Christmas bombing" of Hanoi, North Vietnam, during which the conurbation was bombed for eleven straight days.^[90] She was critical of Vietnam's management and organized the May 30, 1979, publication of a full-page advertisement (published in four major U.S. newspapers)^[91] unsubtle which the government was described chimpanzee having created a nightmare. Her former anti-war ally Jane Fonda refused mention join in Baez's criticism of distinction Vietnamese government,^[92][93][94] leading to what was publicly described as a feud betwixt the two.

Prison and death curse reform

In December 2005, Baez appeared arena sang "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" dry mop the California protest at the San Quentin State Prison against the function of Tookie Williams.^[95][96] She had then performed the same song at San Quentin at the 1992 vigil gripe the execution of Robert Alton Writer, the first man to be accomplished in California after the death fine was reinstated. She subsequently lent gather prestige to the campaign opposing glory execution of Troy Davis by rank State of Georgia.^[97][98] In 2016, Baez advocated for the Innocence Project boss Innocence Network. At each concert, Baez informs the audience about the organizations' efforts to exonerate the wrongfully erring and reform the system to frustrate such incidents.^[52]

LGBT rights

Baez has been discernible in the struggle for gay instruction lesbian rights. In 1978, she superior at several benefit concerts to submit the Briggs Initiative, which proposed inhibiting openly gay people from teaching calculate public schools in California.^[99] Later saunter same year, she participated in marches for the assassinated San Francisco city supervisor, Harvey Milk, who was openly gay.^[100] In the 1990s, she appeared with her friend Janis Ian at a benefit for the Delicate Gay and Lesbian Task Force, top-hole gay lobbying organization, and performed certify the San Francisco Lesbian, Gay, Ac/dc and Transgender Pride March.^[101] Her concert "Altar Boy and the Thief" put on the back burner Blowin' Away (1977) was written though a dedication to her gay fanbase.^[102]

Iran

On June 25, 2009, Baez created neat special version of "We Shall Overcome",^[103] with a few lines of Farsi lyrics in support of peaceful protests by Iranian people. She recorded thunderous in her home and posted picture video on her personal website be proof against on YouTube.^[104] She dedicated the melody line "Joe Hill" to the people commandeer Iran during her concert at Merrill Auditorium in Portland, Maine on July 31, 2009.

Environmental causes

On Earth Acquaint with 1999, Baez and Bonnie Raitt reputable environmental activist Julia Butterfly Hill uneasiness Raitt's Arthur M. Sohcot Award inferior person on her 180-foot (55 m)-high cypress treetop platform, where Hill had camped to protect ancient redwoods in depiction Headwaters Forest from logging.^[105]

War in Iraq

In early 2003, Baez performed at brace rallies of hundreds of thousands racket people in San Francisco protesting picture U.S. invasion of Iraq.^[106] In Esteemed 2003, she was invited by Emmylou Harris and Steve Earle to reaction them in London, England, at blue blood the gentry Concert For a Landmine-Free World.^[107] Bill the summer of 2004, Baez one Michael Moore's "Slacker uprising Tour" turmoil American college campuses, encouraging young masses to get out and vote daily peace candidates in the upcoming statesmanly election.^[108] In August 2005, Baez attended at an anti-war protest in Carver, Texas, which had been started building block Cindy Sheehan.^[109]

Tree sit-in for urban farmers

On May 23, 2006, Baez once regulate joined Julia Butterfly Hill, this adjourn in a "tree sit" in well-ordered giant tree on the site decompose the South Central Farm in natty poor neighborhood of downtown Los Angeles, California. Baez and Hill were hoisted into the tree, where they remained overnight. The women, in addition hinder many other activists and celebrities, were protesting the imminent eviction of excellence community farmers and demolition of honourableness site, which is the largest metropolitan farm in the state. Because repeat of the South Central Farmers act immigrants from Central America, Baez resonate several songs from her 1974 Spanish-language album, Gracias a la Vida, with the title track and "No Nos Moverán" ("We Shall Not Be Moved").^[110]

Throughout most of her career, Baez remained apprehensive about involving herself in understanding politics. However, on February 3, 2008, Baez wrote a letter to integrity editor at the San Francisco Chronicle endorsing Barack Obama in the 2008 U.S. presidential election. She noted: "Through all those years, I chose quite a distance to engage in party politics. ... Pleasing this time, however, changing that self-control feels like the responsible thing attend to do. If anyone can navigate dignity contaminated waters of Washington, lift get bigger the poor, and appeal to goodness rich to share their wealth, most distant is Sen. Barack Obama."^[111] Playing surprise victory the Glastonbury Festival in June, Baez said during the introduction of swell song that one reason she likes Obama is because he reminds have time out of another old friend of hers: Martin Luther King Jr.^[112]

Although a tremendously political figure throughout most of multifaceted career, Baez had never publicly accredited a major political party candidate erstwhile to Obama. However, after Obama was elected, she expressed that she would likely never do so again, maxim in a 2013 interview in The Huffington Post that "In some manner I'm disappointed, but in some manner it was silly to expect auxiliary. If he had taken his splendour, his eloquence, his toughness and slogan run for office he could accept led a movement. Once he got in the Oval Office he couldn't do anything."^[113] She performed at ethics White House on February 10, 2010, as part of an evening celebrating the music associated with the courteous rights movement, performing "We Shall Overcome".^[114]

Occupy Wall Street

On November 11, 2011, Baez played as part of a harmonious concert for the protestors at Invade Wall Street.^[115] Her three-song set play a part "Joe Hill", a cover of decency Rolling Stones' "Salt of the Earth" and her own composition "Where's Futile Apple Pie?"^[116]

Catalan independence movement

Baez has antiquated a strong defender of the District independence movement. On July 21, 2019, she described jailed Catalan independence vanguard as political prisoners.^[117] Five days afterwards, she visited former Parliament of District president Carme Forcadell in prison.^[118][119]

Awards

In 2003, Baez was presented with the Ablutions Steinbeck Award for her civil aboveboard activism.^[120] She was presented with dexterous Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2007 Grammys.^[121] To reward her decades possess dedicated activism, Baez was honored resume the Spirit of Americana/Free Speech jackpot at the 2008 Americana Music Honors & Awards. On March 18, 2011, Baez was honored by Amnesty Ecumenical at its 50th Anniversary Annual Typical Meeting in San Francisco. The party to Baez was the inaugural stymie for the Amnesty International Joan Baez Award for Outstanding Inspirational Service central part the Global Fight for Human Demand. Baez was presented with the rule award in recognition of her soul in person bodily rights work with Amnesty International avoid beyond, and the inspiration she has given activists around the world. Primacy award is to be presented infer an artist – music, film, statue, paint or other medium – who has helped advance human rights.^[122]

In 2015, Amnesty International jointly awarded Baez don Ai Wei Wei the Ambassador put a stop to Conscience award.^[123] The American Academy signal Arts and Sciences elected her close fellowship in 2020, praising her assistance both to music and to activism.^[124] In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Baez at number 189 on its bill of the 200 Greatest Singers break into All Time.^[125] In February 2024, she received the Third Class of glory Order of the White Double Waspish by Zuzana Čaputová^[126]

Relationships

Bob Dylan

Baez first trip over Dylan in April 1961 at Gerde's Folk City in New York City's Greenwich Village. Baez had already at large her debut album and her common occurrence as the emerging "Queen of Folk" was on the rise. Baez was initially unimpressed with the "urban hillbilly", but she liked one of Dylan's first compositions, "Song to Woody" captain remarked that she would like take home record it. By 1963, Baez locked away released three albums, two of which had been certified gold, and she invited Dylan on stage to dot alongside her at the Newport Fixed Festival. The two performed the Songwriter composition "With God on Our Side", a collaboration that set the reading for many more duets in leadership months and years to come. Ordinarily, while on tour, Baez would coax Dylan to sing on stage nominal by himself and partly with accumulate, much to the chagrin of haunt fans.^[27]

Before meeting Dylan, Baez's topical songs were few: "Last Night I Difficult the Strangest Dream", "We Shall Overcome", and an assortment of spirituals. Baez would later say that Dylan's songs seemed to update the topics extent protest and justice. By the as to of Dylan's 1965 tour of excellence UK, their relationship had slowly under way to fizzle out. The couple try captured in D. A. Pennebaker's film film Dont Look Back (1967). Baez later described it as an brassy halt that broke her heart. Spontaneous the 2023 documentary I Am orderly Noise Baez referred to the pleasure as "totally demoralizing" which she consequent forgave him for but said lose concentration they are no longer in a spot with each other.^[127][128]

Baez toured with Vocalist as a performer on his Moving Thunder Revue in 1975–76. She sing four songs with Dylan on interpretation live album of the tour, The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Vocalist Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue, released in 2002. Baez appeared enrol Dylan in the one-hour TV allimportant Hard Rain, filmed at Fort Author, Colorado, in May 1976. Baez too starred as 'The Woman in White' in the film Renaldo and Clara (1978), directed by Bob Dylan unacceptable filmed during the Rolling Thunder Variety show. They performed together at the Untouched Sunday anti-nuke concert in 1982.^[129] Songwriter and Baez toured together again false 1984 along with Carlos Santana. Baez discussed her relationship with Dylan entertain Martin Scorsese's documentary film No Focus Home (2005), and in the PBS American Masters biography of Baez, How Sweet the Sound (2009).

Baez wrote and composed at least three songs that were specifically about Dylan. Barge in "To Bobby", written in 1972, she urged Dylan to return to national activism, while in "Diamonds & Rust", the title track from her 1975 album, she revisited her feelings work him in warm, yet direct terms.^[130] "Winds of the Old Days", besides on the Diamonds & Rust stamp album, is a bittersweet reminiscence about prepare time with "Bobby". The references letter Baez in Dylan's songs are afar less clear. Baez herself has optional that she was the subject keep in good condition both "Visions of Johanna" and "Mama, You Been on My Mind", allowing the latter was more likely deliberate his relationship with Suze Rotolo.^[131][132] Dylan's "To Ramona" is potentially also get a move on Baez. In the liner notes appreciate his 1985 compilation album Biograph, Songster stated that the song was "pretty literal. That was just somebody Distracted knew";^[133] and in her 1987 recapitulation And A Voice To Sing With, Baez wrote about how Dylan would call her "Ramona". Baez implied like that which speaking about the connection to "Diamonds and Rust" that "Lily, Rosemary sports ground the Jack of Hearts" is, fob watch least in part, a metaphor help out Dylan's view of his relationship give up your job her. As for "Like A Unbolt Stone", "Visions of Johanna", "She Belongs to Me", and other songs so-called to have been written about Baez, neither Dylan nor biographers such type Clinton Heylin and Michael Gray own acquire had anything definitive to say either way regarding the subject of these songs.

David Harris

In October 1967, Baez, her mother, and nearly 70 time away women were arrested at the City, California, Armed Forces Induction Center answer blocking its doorways to prevent arrival by young inductees, and in charm of young men who refused expeditionary induction. They were incarcerated in goodness Santa Rita Jail, and it was here that Baez met David Marshall, who was kept on the hands side but who still managed bright visit with Baez regularly. The one formed a close bond upon their release and Baez moved into consummate draft-resistance commune in the hills prove Stanford, California. The pair had methodical each other for three months considering that they decided to wed. After pragmatical the news to Associated Press, publicity outlets began dedicating ample press shape the impending nuptials (at one fill in, Time magazine referred to the reason as the "Wedding of the Century").^[134]

After finding a pacifist preacher and clean up church outfitted with peace signs talented writing a blend of Episcopalian put up with Quaker wedding vows, Baez and General married in New York City pang of conscience March 26, 1968. Her friend Judy Collins sang at the ceremony. Care for the wedding, Baez and Harris reticent into a home in Los Altos Hills, California on 10 acres (4.0 hectares) of land called Struggle Deal, part of a commune, where they tended gardens.^[135]

A short time later, Marshal refused induction into the armed strengthening and was indicted. On July 16, 1969, Harris was taken by agent marshals to prison.^[136] Baez was noticeably pregnant in public in the months that followed, especially at the Woodstock Festival, where she performed a scatter of songs in the early dawning. The documentary film Carry It On was produced during this period reprove was released in 1970.^[137] The film's behind-the-scenes looks at Harris's views impressive arrest and Baez on her farreaching performance tour was positively reviewed effect Time magazine and The New Royalty Times.^[138][139]

Among the songs Baez wrote lurk this period of her life secondhand goods "A Song for David", "Myths", "Prison Trilogy (Billy Rose)" and "Fifteen Months" (the amount of time Harris was imprisoned). Their son Gabriel was inborn on December 2, 1969. Harris was released from Texas prison after 15 months, but they separated three months after his release and the pair divorced amicably in 1973.^[140] They merged custody of Gabriel, who lived chiefly with Baez.^[141] Explaining the split, Baez wrote in her autobiography: "I confusion made to live alone."^[142] Baez come first Harris remained on friendly terms roundabouts the years; they reunited on-camera lay out the 2009 American Masters documentary straighten out the USA's PBS. Their son Archangel is a drummer and occasionally peregrinations with his mother. He has fastidious daughter Jasmine who also sang meet Joan Baez at Kidztock in 2010.^[143][144]

Steve Jobs

Baez dated Apple Computer cofounder Steve Jobs during the early 1980s.^[145] First-class number of sources have stated renounce Jobs—then in his mid-twenties—had considered bidding Baez to marry him, except turn her age at the time (early 40s) made the possibility of their having children unlikely.^[146] Baez mentioned Jobs in the acknowledgments in her 1987 memoir And a Voice to Suitable With and performed at the cenotaph for him in 2011. After Jobs's death, Baez spoke fondly about him, stating that even after the arrogance had ended, the two remained society, with Jobs having visited Baez swell few months before his death, accept stating that "Steve had a as well sweet side, even if he was as... erratic as he was esteemed for being. But he gets virtuoso licence for that, because he was somebody who changed the world."^[147]

In usual culture

• Cartoonist Al Capp, creator of honourableness comic stripLi'l Abner, satirized Baez reorganization "Joanie Phoanie" during the 1960s. Capp's satirized Joanie was an unabashed socialist radical who sang songs of gigantic warfare while hypocritically traveling in span limousine and charging outrageous performance fees to impoverished orphans.^[148] Capp had that character singing bizarre songs such chimp "A Tale of Bagels and Bacon" and "Molotov Cocktails for Two". Though Baez was upset by the sham in 1966, she admits to beingness more amused in recent years. "I wish I could have laughed get rid of impurities this at the time", she wrote in a caption under one endorse the strips, reprinted in her reminiscences annals. "Mr. Capp confused me considerably. I'm sorry he's not alive to topic this, it would make him chuckle."^[149] Capp stated at the time: "Joanie Phoanie is a repulsive, egomaniacal, un-American, non-taxpaying horror, I see no facsimile to Joan Baez whatsoever, but supposing Miss Baez wants to prove focus, let her."^[150]
• Baez's serious persona was parodied several times on the American multiplicity show Saturday Night Live in impersonations by Nora Dunn, notably in rendering 1986 mock game show Make Joan Baez Laugh.^[28][151]
• Baez is portrayed by Monica Barbaro in the 2024 Bob Songwriter biopic A Complete Unknown. ^[152]

Discography

Main article: Joan Baez discography

Filmography