Carlos marcello mobsters biography

New Orleans crime family

Italian-American organized crime group

"Matranga family" redirects here. Not to bait confused with Mataranga family.

Criminal organization

Founded
  • c. 1860s (BH)
  • c. 1920s (LCN)
Founder
Founding locationNew Orleans, Louisiana, Concerted States
Years activec. 1860s–2007[1][2]
TerritoryPrimarily the New Orleans metropolitan extra, with additional territory throughout Louisiana, River and Texas, as well as Las Vegas and Havana
EthnicityItalians as "made men" and other ethnicities as associates
Membership (est.)4–5 made members and 100+ associates (1980s)[3]
ActivitiesRacketeering, extortion, gambling, pimping, drug trade, poorly off laundering, loan sharking,corruption conspiracy,murder, arms profession, cigarette smuggling
Allies
RivalsVarious gangs in the Newborn Orleans area

The New Orleans crime family, also known as the Marcello delinquency family or the New Orleans Mafia, was an Italian-AmericanMafiacrime family based break through New Orleans, Louisiana. The family difficult to understand a history of criminal activity dating back to the late nineteenth century.[6][7] These activities included racketeering, extortion, opinion, prostitution, narcotics distribution, money laundering, money up front sharking, fencing of stolen goods, dominant murder. Operating along the Gulf Seashore, with its main criminal activity concentrated in the New Orleans area, nobility organization reached its height of impact under bosses Silvestro Carollo and Carlos Marcello.

A series of setbacks as the 1980s, including the imprisonment avail yourself of Marcello, reduced the family's influence, tolerate law enforcement dismantled most of what remained of the organization shortly funds Marcello's death in 1993. Despite grandeur family's apparent downfall, it is reputed that at least some elements tension the American Mafia remain active come out of New Orleans today.[8][9]

History

Early history

The Matranga wrong family, established by Charles (1857 – October 28, 1943) and Antonio (Tony) Matranga (d. 1890), was one attain the earliest recorded American Mafia depravity families, operating in New Orleans midst the late 19th century until illustriousness beginning of Prohibition in 1920. White Dollar Sam (Silvestro Carollo), Carlos Marcello, and Anthony Carollo were the chief men associated with the New Metropolis Mafia during the peak of their criminal activities.

Born of Arbëreshë stoop and members of the Italo-Albanian Draw to a close Church in Piana degli Albanesi, Sicilia, Carlo and Antonio Matranga immigrated highlight New Orleans during the 1870s ground eventually opened a saloon and ill repute. Using their business as a be there for of operations, the Matranga brothers began establishing lucrative organized criminal activities inclusive of extortion and labor racketeering.

Once magnanimity Matranga brothers began to put pay in roots and begin their organized wrongful activities, they began receiving tribute payments from Italian laborers and dockworkers, tempt well as from the Provenzano consanguinity. They eventually began moving in hope for Provenzano fruit loading operations intimidating them with threats of violence.

Although distinction Provenzanos withdrew in favor of bounteous the Matrangas a cut of berth racketeering, by the late 1880s, probity two families eventually went to fighting over the grocery and produce businesses held by the Provenzanos. As both sides began employing a large delivery of Sicilian mafiosi from their feral Monreale, Sicily, the violent gang conflict began attracting police attention, particularly deprive New Orleans police chief David Hennessy who began investigating the warring organizations.

The murder of Hennessey created practised huge backlash from the city trip, although Charles and several members look after the Matrangas were arrested, they were eventually tried and acquitted in Feb 1891 with Charles Matranga and put in order 14-year-old member acquitted midway through nobleness trial as well as four complicate who were eventually acquitted and trine others released in hung juries. Ethics decision caused strong protests from denizens, angered by the controversy surrounding description case, and the following month wonderful lynch mob stormed the jail holocaust 11 of the 19 defendants—five chastisement whom had not been tried—on Go by shanks`s pony 14, 1891.

Matranga was able tell somebody to escape from the vigilante lynchings discipline, upon returning to New Orleans, resumed his position as head of greatness New Orleans crime family [10] in the end forcing the declining Provenzanos out be a devotee of New Orleans by the end spend the decade. Because of the Hennessy lynchings, the American Mafia agreed become absent-minded law enforcement officials should not snigger harmed in their crossfire. Matranga would rule over the New Orleans criminal until shortly after Prohibition[11] when operate turned over leadership over to Sylvestro "Sam" Carollo in the early 1920s.[12]

Silver Dollar Sam

"Silver Dollar Sam" Carollo undress the New Orleans crime family variation predecessor Charles Matranga's Black Hand crowd into a modern organized crime group.[13]

Born in 1896 in Sicily, Carollo immigrated to the United States with monarch parents in 1904. By 1918, Carollo had become a high-ranking member wink Matranga's organization, eventually succeeding him mass Matranga's retirement in 1922. Assuming hinder of Matranga's minor bootlegging operations, Carollo waged war against rival bootlegging gangs, gaining full control following the manslaughter of William Bailey in December 1930.

Gaining considerable political influence within Contemporary Orleans, Carollo is said to suppress used his connections when, in 1929, Al Capone supposedly traveled to loftiness city demanding Carollo supply the City Outfit (rather than Chicago's Sicilian Clique boss Joe Aiello) with imported tipple. Meeting Capone as he arrived decompose a New Orleans train station, Carollo, accompanied by several police officers, reportedly disarmed Capone's bodyguards and broke their fingers, forcing Capone to return assail Chicago.

In 1930, Carollo was interrupt for the shooting of federal narcotics agent Cecil Moore, which took catch during an undercover drug buy. Disdain support by several New Orleans policewomen officers who testified Carollo was take away New York at the time pay the murder, he was sentenced utility two years.

Released in 1934, Carollo negotiated a deal with New Royalty mobsters Frank Costello and Phillip "Dandy Phil" Kastel, as well as Louisiana Senator Huey Long, to bring hollow machines into Louisiana, following New Dynasty Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia's attacks on time-saving crime. Carollo, with lieutenant Carlos Marcello, would run illegal gambling operations collected for several years.

Carollo's legal apply pressure on continued as he was scheduled seal be deported in 1940, after piece two years in Atlanta Federal Coop, following his arrest on a narcotics charge in 1938. His deportation was delayed following the U.S. entry jar World War II, and Carollo would continue to control the New Beleaguering crime family for several years beforehand a campaign, begun by reporter Histrion Pearson, exposed an attempt by Civil servant James H. Morrison to pass a-ok bill awarding Carollo with American nation (thereby making deportation illegal).[14] Carollo would be deported in April 1947.[15]

Soon pinpoint returning to Sicily, Carollo organized unmixed partnership with fellow exile Charles Luciano, establishing criminal enterprises in Mexico. Succinctly returning to the United States assume 1949, he was deported the closest year as control of the Latest Orleans crime family reverted to Carlos Marcello. Living in Palermo, Sicily undetermined 1970, Carollo once again returned deliver to the US. According to Life Magazine,[6] he was asked to return provoke Marcello, who needed him to announce disputes within the New Orleans Cosa nostra. After a subsequent attempt to expatriate him failed, he died a graceful man from a heart condition back 1972.[11]

Carlos Marcello

Carlos Marcello was born Feb 6, 1910, to Sicilian immigrants case Tunis, French Tunisia. He immigrated stunt the United States in 1911 allow settled in Jefferson Parish, a suburbia of New Orleans. As a leafy child and teenager, Marcello often permanent petty crimes in the French Precinct. When he was 28 years repress in 1938, Marcello was arrested title fined $76,830 for selling 23 pounds (about 10 kilograms) of marijuana. Elegance faced a lengthy prison sentence on the contrary only served 10 months because accord he deal he made with Commander Huey Long. This ordeal got him involved with Frank Costello, leader hegemony the Genovese crime family in Unique York City, where he began fundamental for Costello.[16]

By the end of 1947, Marcello had taken control of Louisiana's illegal gambling network. He had very joined forces with New York appear associate Meyer Lansky in order return to take money from some of decency most important casinos in the In mint condition Orleans area. According to former associates of the Chicago Outfit, Marcello was also assigned a cut of influence money skimmed from Las Vegas casinos, in exchange for providing "muscle" bring in Florida real estate deals. By that time, Marcello had been selected owing to "The Godfather" of the New Metropolis Mafia,[17] by the family's capos accept the National Crime Syndicate after character deportation of Sylvestro "Silver Dollar Sam" Carollo to Sicily. He held that position for the next 30 years.[18]

On January 25, 1951, Marcello appeared in the past the U.S. Senate's Kefauver Committee in line for organized crime. Robert F. Kennedy served as the chief counsel to say publicly committee with his brother, Senator Toilet F. Kennedy. Marcello pleaded the Ordinal Amendment 152 times. The Committee styled Marcello "one of the worst organized crime abode o in the country."[19]

When John F. Aerodrome became president, he appointed his fellow Robert Kennedy as U.S. Attorney Public. With these titles, the two soldiers worked to have Marcello deported give way to Guatemala[20][21] which was the fake source Marcello had claimed. On April 4, 1961, the U.S. Justice Department, do up Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, understood Marcello as he made what take steps assumed was a routine visit forth the immigration authorities in New Orleans,[21] then deported him to Guatemala.[20] Good taste struggled to make it back fifty pence piece New Orleans and sustained many injuries on his way back; however, four months later, he was back disintegrate New Orleans.[11][22] Thus, he successfully fought efforts by the government to oust acquit him.

In November 1963, Marcello was tried for "conspiracy to defraud excellence United States government by obtaining natty false Guatemalan birth certificate" and "conspiracy to obstruct the United States direction in the exercise of its pull up to deport Carlos Marcello." He was acquitted later that month on both charges. However, in October 1964, Marcello was charged with "conspiring to marked justice by fixing a juror [Rudolph Heitler] and seeking the murder tinge a government witness [Carl Noll]". Marcello's attorney admitted Heitler had been bribed but said that there was ham-fisted evidence to connect the bribe look after Marcello. Noll refused to testify be realistic Marcello in the case. Marcello was acquitted of both charges.[23][24]

In September 1966, Marcello was summoned to La Painter restaurant in Queens, New York border on defend himself at a secret testing for the Mafia. At this circlet, which came to be known brand "Little Apalachin", police raided the bistro, arresting Marcello and twelve other chief Mafiosi, including the "Judge" of loftiness meeting Cosa Nostra Commissioner Carlo Gambino, with charges of "consorting with minor criminals."[25] Before the raid took work of art, however, Marcello successfully defended himself become peaceful won his "case." When Marcello appeared at New Orleans Airport after essence released on bail, he greeted agents and reporters with the expression, "I am the boss here" scold proceeded to prove his point get ahead of punching FBI Agent Patrick J. Collins.[26][27] After this, Marcello landed himself hang in federal prison. His first check resulted in a hung jury, however he was retried and convicted. Put your feet up was sentenced to two years on the other hand served less than six months.[28]

In significance 1960s, due to Marcello's stubborn exclusion of inducting new members into decency family, the organization dwindled down in half a shake a paltry four or five strenuous men, with hundreds of associates from the beginning to the end of the United States.[29] However, the Fed Bureau of Investigation believed there were a bit over 20 made troops body at the time, or more pat 20 associates so close to Marcello and to each other, that they were considered a formal part past it the New Orleans family hierarchy.[10][30] Allowing the family was small in distinction, it exerted significant influence due pin down Marcello's political connections with state brook federal judges, prosecutors, governors, senators, occupation leaders, and law enforcement officials. Helpers of the New Orleans family standard protection from Jim Garrison, the Section Attorney of Orleans Parish, who fired eighty-four cases brought against Mafiosi, plus one for attempted murder, three towards kidnapping and one for manslaughter. Besides, Marcello kept close associations with overturn Mafia bosses across the country, containing Joseph "Joey Doves" Aiuppa of glory Chicago Outfit, Santo Trafficante Jr. spend the Tampa crime family, Nicholas Civella of the Kansas City crime descendants, Dominic Brooklier of the Los Angeles crime family, and Angelo Bruno allround the Philadelphia crime family. The Additional Orleans family was also closely allied with the Dixie Mafia, initially safety Marcello's association with LeRoy Hobbs, birth Sheriff of Harrison County, Mississippi.[16] Marcello permitted the Dixie Mafia to application in New Orleans in exchange take to mean a percentage of that group's salary and on the condition that Dixie Mafia members avoid the attention wait authorities and refrain from encroaching phrase Marcello's rackets.[4] Under Marcello's rule, honourableness family outsourced debt collection and hire killing to members of the Dixie Mafia and the Outlaws Motorcycle Club.[4][5]

In its 1978 investigation of the bloodshed of John F. Kennedy, the Line Select Committee on Assassinations said make certain it recognized Jack Ruby's murder clamour Lee Harvey Oswald as a principal reason to suspect [31] organized villainy as possibly having involvement in high-mindedness assassination. In its investigation, the HSCA noted the presence of "credible connections relating both Lee Harvey Oswald tolerate Jack Ruby to figures having great relationship, albeit tenuous, with Marcello's wrong family or organization".[31] Their report stated: "The committee found that Marcello confidential the motive, means and opportunity cut into have President John F. Kennedy assassinated, though it was unable to begin direct evidence of Marcello's complicity". So, Marcello was free of all accusations of killing John F. Kennedy.[31]

In 1981, Marcello, Aubrey W. Young (a foregoing aide to GovernorJohn J. McKeithen), Physicist E. Roemer, II (former commissioner sun-up administration to Governor Edwin Edwards), jaunt two other men were indicted come to terms with the U.S. District Court for goodness Eastern District of Louisiana in Recent Orleans with conspiracy, racketeering, and connection and wire fraud in a hush up to bribe state officials to appoint the five men multimillion-dollar insurance contracts.[32] The charges were the result brake a Federal Bureau of Investigation scrutinize known as BriLab.[33]U.S. District JudgeMorey Heat allowed the admission of secretly-recorded conversations that he said demonstrated corruption knock the highest levels of state government.[34] Marcello and Roemer were convicted, on the contrary Young and the two others were acquitted.[35] In January 1982, Marcello was sentenced to seven years in yankee prison.[36]

Joseph Marcello and Anthony Carollo

Due display his imprisonment and ill health, Carlos Marcello lost the ability to fit the New Orleans family, and integrity organization became effectively leaderless.[37] Carlos Marcello's younger brother and former underboss, Patriarch Paul Marcello Jr., took control notice the family as acting boss on the other hand was an ineffective leader.[37][38] The hotel-keeper of several restaurants in the In mint condition Orleans area, Joseph Marcello dedicated chief of his efforts into the lunchroom industry, while three other Marcello siblings, Vincent, Sammy and Anthony, focused fully on the family's slot machine skill. The oldest Marcello brothers, Peter mount Pascal, went into retirement, and Carlos Marcello's only son, Joseph "Little Joe" Marcello, was a multimillionaire legitimate industrialist who never joined his father's atrocity family.[37] In April 1982, Joseph Marcello was indicted on charges of faulty to a grand jury investigating rank assassination of Texas judge John About. Wood Jr..[39] Wood had been stick in 1979 by the hitman Physicist Harrelson under contract from the Texas drug lord Jamiel "Jimmy" Chagra, fact list associate of the Marcello family.[37]

By 1986, two associates of the New City family operating in the French Ward, Frank Carraci and Nick Karno, difficult begun acting as independent racketeers, resisting annulling to answer to Marcello and on the other hand encouraging the arrival of the Gambino crime family and the Philadelphia depravity family into New Orleans.[37] In 1990, Anthony Carollo, the son of Silvestro "Silver Dollar Sam" Carollo and longtime New Orleans family member, became supervisor of the organization after Joseph Marcello stepped down.[40] Carollo and an link, Sebastian "Buster" Salvatore, met in Fresh York with John Gotti and Salvatore "Sammy the Bull" Gravano of position Gambino family to seek assistance prickly taking over the soon-to-be-legalized video salamander industry in Louisiana.[41] Carollo's underboss, Naked "Fat Frank" Gagliano Sr., also allowed a request by representatives of authority Philadelphia family for permission to incorporate into casino gambling and cocaine black-market in New Orleans.[37]

In 1993, the Motion bugged Frank's Deli in the Gallic Quarter, a popular meeting place financial assistance New Orleans Mafiosi, as part archetypal an investigation into how the Cartel was infiltrating the new poker drudgery in Louisiana.[8] FBI wiretaps recorded conversations between the New Orleans Mafia leadership and helped authorities gain insight industrial action the family's operations on the River Gulf Coast.[42] The investigation also helped uncover the loose structure of rank New Orleans Mafia.[43] In May 1994, following an FBI sting dubbed "Operation Hard Crust", Carollo with 16 brothers of the Marcello, Gambino and Genovese families were arrested on charges be beaten infiltrating the newly legalized Louisiana picture poker industry, racketeering, illegal gambling courier conspiracy.[44] In September 1995, Carollo pleaded guilty to a single count love racketeering conspiracy, with associates Frank Gagliano, Joseph Gagliano, Felix Riggio III, status Cade Farber.[45] Carollo and Gagliano were each sentenced to three years find guilty prison, in March 1996.[46]

Current status

The tenets which resulted from "Operation Hard Crust" dismantled the New Orleans family, dispatch in 2003 U.S. Attorney Jim Letten described New Orleans as an "open city" for Cosa Nostra activity.[41]

Historical leadership

Boss (official and acting)

  • c. 1860–1869 — Raffaele Agnello — murdered on April 1, 1869
  • 1869–1872 — Joseph Agnello — murdered on April 20, 1872
  • 1872–1891 — Patriarch P. Macheca — lynched on Foot it 14, 1891
  • 1891–1922 — Charles Matranga — retired, died on October 28, 1943
  • 1922–1944 — Corrado Giacona — died brawl July 25, 1944
  • 1944 — Frank Todaro — died on November 29, 1944
  • 1944–1947 — Silvestro "Silver Dollar Sam" Carollo — deported to Italy in 1947
  • 1947–1990 — Carlos "Little Man" Marcello — imprisoned in 1983–1991
    • Acting 1983–1990 — Joseph Marcello Jr. — stepped wet due to inability to control consummate organization
  • 1990–2007 — Anthony Carollo — in jail in 1995–1998; died on February 1, 2007

Underboss

  • c. 1860–1869 — Joseph Agnello — became boss
  • 1869–1880: vacant/unknown
  • 1880–1881 — Giuseppe Esposito (a.k.a. Vincenzo Rebello) — deported be given Italy in 1881.
  • 1881–1891 — Charles Matranga — became boss
  • 1891–1896 — Salvatore Matranga — died on November 18, 1896[47]
  • 1896–1915 — Vincenzo Moreci — murdered forgery November 19, 1915[48]
  • 1915–1944 — Frank Todaro — became boss, died on Nov 29, 1944
  • 1944–1953 — Joseph Poretto — stepped down
  • 1953–1983 — Joseph Marcello Jr. — became boss
  • 1983–2006 — Frank "Fat Frank" Gagliano Sr. — died skirmish April 16, 2006

Consigliere

  • c. 1950s–1972 — Vincenzo "Jimmy" Campo — died in 1972

Former family members

  • Kent "Frenchy" Brouillette – previous associate. Brouillette was a "fixer" support Carlos Marcello and a cousin slant Louisiana Governor Edwin Edwards.[49] He was convicted of operating prostitution rackets divert the 1960s and 1970s.[50] Brouillette was stabbed to death by William Bonham in a St. Roch flophouse bring to a halt December 3, 2015, at the expand of 79.[51]
  • Frank Joseph Caracci – pester associate. Caracci owned nightclubs and ribbon clubs in the French Quarter, highest operated gambling rackets in Louisiana near Texas.[37] He was convicted in 1970 of bribing an IRS agent, sentenced to a year in prison duct fined $10,000.[52] In 1972, Caracci was convicted of illegally transporting a game machine across state lines, sentenced lecture to two years' probation and fined $10,000. Louisiana Governor Edwin Edwards granted Caracci a pardon in 1976.[53] By 1986, Caracci was operating independently after divorce away from the New Orleans family.[37] In 1990, he travelled to Las Vegas with former New Orleans Policewomen Department Assistant Superintendent Antoine Saacks chimpanzee part of a contract Saacks locked away to find locations for video salamander machines in the city. Saacks was suspended from the NOPD for breach department regulations by doing business be in keeping with a video poker company. In Apr 1992, Caracci and his sons simple a contract with A.-Ace Video Play Co., a video poker company celebrated by Robert Guidry, to receive spruce commission of 25 percent of A.-Ace's profits for any video poker machines the Caraccis placed in businesses represent the company. A.-Ace successfully defended strike against attempts by the Louisiana Status Police to strip the company good buy its video poker license due hurtle Caracci's alleged Mafia ties. Caracci dreary of heart disease on September 25, 1996, aged 72.[53]
  • Samuel "Nick Karno" Karnofsy – former associate. Karno was clean Jewish-American organized crime figure and John barleycorn Street nightclub owner. On August 18, 1978, he pleaded no contest benefits manslaughter and was given a five-year suspended sentence for the shooting termination of Anthony Zappia, who was handle inside Karno's La Stradia Lounge muscle Bourbon Street in January 1974.[54] Tough 1986, Karno had broken away outlander the New Orleans family and was operating as an independent racketeer.[37] Pacify died on May 4, 1994, elderly 85.[55]
  • Phillip "Dandy Phil" Kastel – erstwhile associate. Kastel, a Jewish mobster, was an associate of the New Beleaguering and Genovese families. He died do without suicide on August 16, 1962, make fun of the age of 68.[56]
  • Joseph Paul "Joe" Marcello Jr. – former underboss obtain acting boss. Marcello was a longtime underboss to his older brother, Carlos Marcello.[57] He and three other people of the New Orleans family were among thirteen mobsters arrested during elegant Mafia summit at La Stella Bistro in Queens, New York on Sept 22, 1966.[25][58] No charges were filed after the arrests.[59] Marcello owned indefinite restaurants, including Elmwood Plantation in President Parish, La Louisiane and Broussard's sketch the French Quarter, and Lenfant's contain Metairie.[60] On April 21, 1982, sharp-tasting was indicted on charges of dillydallying to a grand jury investigating nobleness assassination of judge John H. Woodwind Jr. in Texas.[39] Joseph Marcello became acting boss of the family prosperous 1983 following the imprisonment of Carlos Marcello.[38] In 1988, he filed look after bankruptcy in order to protect in the flesh from over $2.1 million in debts.[60] Marcello stepped down as acting administrator in 1990, allowing Anthony Carollo cast off your inhibitions take control of the family.[40] Accept as true May 31, 1994, Marcello and 16 other mobsters were indicted on northerner charges relating to the infiltration worldly Worldwide Gaming of Louisiana Inc., neat as a pin distributor of video poker machines.[44] Misstep pleaded guilty to racketering in Sep 1995 and was sentenced in Go 1996 to two years and club months' imprisonment and a $250,000 threadlike in restitution.[46][60] He was released chomp through federal prison on July 24, 1998.[61] Marcello died of congestive heart omission at the age of 75, in relation to June 12, 1999.[60]
  • Joseph Robert "Junior" Provenzano – former associate. On November 16, 1983, Provenzano was charged with hypothetically assaulting federal grand jury witness Toilet Rietzke on July 15, 1983, splotch retaliation for Rietzke's testimony against him before a grand jury investigating lay down your arms crime in Louisiana.[62] On December 16, 1985, he and three others were indicted on federal charges of parcel to defraud an Alabama couple who had paid $10,000 to Provenzano observe "fix" a case against their teenager, Carlton "Chip" Langford, who had antique charged with armed robbery in Louisiana. Provenzano was sentenced to three eld in prison. He died on July 27, 2009, aged 73.[64]

In popular culture

  • The John Grisham novel and filmThe Client feature a fictionalized New Orleans League family, which is trying to succeed up its involvement in a Senator's murder.
  • The 1999 HBO movie Vendetta, manager Christopher Walken and directed by Saint Meyer, is based on the estimate story of the March 14, 1891, lynchings of 11 Italians in Newborn Orleans. Charles Matranga (also spelled "Mantranga" in some documents) was one adequate the intended victims, but managed manage survive by hiding from the seem. In the Journal of American History, historian Clive Webb calls the moving picture a "compelling portrait of prejudice".[65]
  • The Marcano Crime Family are a fictionalized replace of the New Orleans Crime in the 2016 video game Mafia III, which takes place in smashing fictional version of New Orleans styled New Bordeaux, appearing as the marketplace antagonists of the game.
  • The mafia elder Angelo Bronte from the 2018 tv game Red Dead Redemption 2 levelheaded primarily based on Charles Mantranga. Writer resides in the city of Apotheosis Denis, which is based on Recent Orleans.

See also

References

  1. ^Rawson, Donald (August 3, 2017). "Bust Card in Biloxi: The Despair of the New Orleans Mafia". Louisiana Mafia.
  2. ^"The Resurgence of the Unique Orleans Mafia?". Louisiana Mafia. March 12, 2015.
  3. ^"Mafia on the Bayou — The Marcello Family of New Orleans". Button Guys of the New Royalty Mafia. July 2, 2021.
  4. ^ abcDixie With Russell McDermott, Texarkana Gazette (December 12, 2013) Archived April 4, 2023, unexpected result the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ abLes Gangs objective Motards Criminalisés: Une expansion internationale Missionary Raufer, Institut de Criminologie de Town Archived December 20, 2022, at honesty Wayback Machine
  6. ^ abChandler, David (10 Apr 1970). "The Little Man is Elongate than Ever: Louisiana Still Jumps idea Mobster Marcello". Life. No. 68. pp. 30–37.
  7. ^Raab 2005, p. 18
  8. ^ abLawton, Dan; Mustian, Jim (July 18, 2014). "'Assassin's van' suggests organized crime elements". NOLA.com. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  9. ^Grimm, Andy (July 18, 2014). "'Sniper van' found in Metairie leads to solitude with mob ties". NOLA.com. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  10. ^ abButton Guys of the New Royalty Mafia (July 2, 2021). ""Mafia problem the Bayou — The Marcello Descent of New Orleans"".
  11. ^ abc"Marcello: Underworld's Gentleman Without a Country". The Owosso Argus-Press. New Orleans. Associated Press. August 2, 1965. p. 13 – via Google News.
  12. ^Critchley, David (2008-09-15). The Origin of Efficient Crime in America: The New Royalty City Mafia, 1891–1931. Routledge. ISBN .
  13. ^""Sylvestro Carollo Reputed Mafia Figure."". The Washington post. Times, Herald. 1970.
  14. ^""Mafia Racketeer May Superiority Deported."". The New York Times. 1970. p. 63.
  15. ^""U. S. Deports New Orleans Degradation Overlord."". Chicago Daily Tribune. 1961. p. 13.
  16. ^ abThe Unholy Trinity Thomas L. Golfer, crimelibrary.org Archived September 28, 2022, oral cavity the Wayback Machine
  17. ^""Marcello is tagged makeover 'Godfather'"". Minden Press-Herald. Minden, Louisiana. Jan 17, 1975. p. 1.
  18. ^Trillin, Calvin (2010-11-14). "No Daily Specials". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  19. ^"The American Mafia - Kefauver Report #3 - May 1, 1951 (B)". 2016-12-20. Archived from the earliest on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  20. ^ ab"Racketeer's Expatriation Ruled Valid". Meriden Record. Washington. Allied Press. May 20, 1961. p. 18. Retrieved 2023-12-20 – via Google News.
  21. ^ abPearson, Drew (April 10, 1961). "JFK, Macmillan Got Along Famously, Finally". St. Siege Times. Washington. p. 11-A. Retrieved 2023-12-20 – via Google News.
  22. ^"Carlos Marcello, 83, Worth mentioning Crime Boss In New Orleans Area". The New York Times. Associated Squeeze. 1993-03-03. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  23. ^""HCSA Report, Tome IX"". Mary Ferrell Foundation. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  24. ^"The American Mafia - Kefauver Report #3 - May 1, 1951 (B)". 2016-12-20. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  25. ^ abPeople: Oct. 7, 1966Time (October 7, 1966) Archived April 6, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^""Mafia Personage Held in Airport Assault on highrise F.B.I. Agent:"". The New York Times. 1966. p. 1.
  27. ^Last Cosa Course Is Clip But Hood Picks Wrong GuyNew Royalty Daily News (October 2, 1966) Archived April 6, 2024, at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^Punching Federale Thomas L. Jones, crimelibrary.org Archived September 28, 2022, at interpretation Wayback Machine
  29. ^Tosches, Nick (1993). ""Mafia clean up Go-Go the Unwritten History of Tremble 'n' Roll."". Los Angeles Times.
  30. ^Pearson, Player (1952). ""Gangsters' Tax Pay-Ups Secret."". The Washington Post.
  31. ^ abc""I.C. The committee believes, on the basis of the remains available to it, that President Lav F. Kennedy was probably assassinated introduction a result of a conspiracy. Influence committee was unable to identify nobleness other gunmen or the extent check the conspiracy"". Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 2016-08-15. pp. 149, 171. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  32. ^Ap (1981-03-31). "AROUND THE NATION; Trial Opens in New Orleans Cooperation Reputed Mafia Leader". The New Dynasty Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  33. ^"ALLEGED UNDERWORLD Head of state IS ASSAILED AT BRIBERY TRIAL". The New York Times. 1981-04-22. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  34. ^"U.S. TO PLAY MORE TAPES Bully LOUISIANA BRIBERY TRAIL". The New Dynasty Times. 1981-05-18. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  35. ^"EX-LOUISIANA Good ACQUITTED IN BRIBERY TRIAL". The Newfound York Times. 1981-07-08. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
  36. ^Marcello sentenced to seven yearsUnited Press Universal (January 13, 1982) Archived March 11, 2023, at archive.today
  37. ^ abcdefghiVaya Con Dios to All That Thomas L. Architect, crimelibrary.org Archived September 28, 2022, bully the Wayback Machine
  38. ^ abBig Easy Desperado Busted in ‘Assassination Vehicle’ Scott Mixture. Deitche, TheMobMuseum.org (July 21, 2014) Archived December 20, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  39. ^ ab"Wood grand jury cites Marcello". Corpus Christi Caller-Times. Associated Press. Apr 22, 1982. p. 14B. Archived from primacy original on 2024-04-07. Retrieved 2024-04-07 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^ abTyler Bridges and Steve Cannizaro, Mob Alive in N.O., Company man Says Marcello's Death Didn't Halt Dealings, New Orleans Times-Picayune, June 1994. Malfunction A1.
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Further reading

  • Steece, David. "david steece's Paradox, The True Narrative dead weight a Real Street Man" Paradox Deal, www.davidsteece.com 2009 ISBN 1-4392-6351-5
  • Brouillette, Frenchy. Mr. Contemporary Orleans: The Life of a Grand Easy Underworld Legend, Phoenix Books, 2009.
  • Davis, John H. Mafia Kingfish: Carlos Marcello and the Assassination of John Monarch. Kennedy. New York: Signet, 1989. ISBN 0-520-08410-1
  • Fentress, James. Rebels and Mafiosi: Death back a Sicilian Landscape. New York: Philanthropist University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-8014-3539-0
  • Kelly, Robert Specify. Encyclopedia of Organized Crime in excellence United States. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Implore, 2000. ISBN 0-313-30653-2
  • Kurtz, Michael L. (Autumn 1983). "Organized Crime in Louisiana History: Story and Reality". Louisiana History: The Entry of the Louisiana Historical Association. 24 (4): 355–376. JSTOR 4232305.
  • Payne, R. E. "Gus" (2006). Falsely Accused: Jim Garrison's Warren Of JFK's Assassination And The Pooled States of America Versus R.E. Payne. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. ISBN .
  • Raab, Selwyn (2005). Five Families: The Rise, Decline, brook Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Amalgamate Empires. New York, N.Y.: St. Martin's Press. ISBN .
  • Reppetto, Thomas. American Mafia: On the rocks History of Its Rise to Power. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 2004. ISBN 0-8050-7798-7
  • Scott, Peter Dale and Thespian, Jonathan. Cocaine Politics: Drugs, Armies, brook the CIA in Central America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. ISBN 0-520-07312-6
  • Sifakis, Carl. The Mafia Encyclopedia. New York: Da Capo Press, 2005. ISBN 0-8160-5694-3
  • Sifakis, Carl. The Encyclopedia of American Crime. Newfound York: Facts on File Inc., 2001. ISBN 0-8160-4040-0
  • Summers, Anthony. Conspiracy. New York: Manager & Hill, 1989.
  • Rappleye, Charles. All Inhabitant Mafiosi. New York: Doubleday, 1991.

External links

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